跟我学Nginx，利用源代码构建 Nginx
前面几篇文章先容了在 Ubuntu 和 Windows 下面安装 nginx，均采用二进制的方式进行安装。本章节将先容采用编译源码来安装 nginx，采用源码安装可以根据自己的需要编译部门模块到 nginx 中。下载源码包
进入 nginx 官网，下载 .tar.gz 源码包，下载地址：http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.20.1.tar.gz
在 Ubuntu 中，我们可以利用 wget 命令进行下载，如下：
hxstrive@ubuntu:~/Desktop$ wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.20.1.tar.gz--2021-09-27 12:38:47--http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.20.1.tar.gz正在剖析主机 nginx.org (nginx.org)... 3.125.197.172, 52.58.199.22, 2a05:d014:edb:5702::6, ...正在连接 nginx.org (nginx.org)|3.125.197.172|:80... 已连接。已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK长度： 1061461 (1.0M) 正在保存至: “nginx-1.20.1.tar.gz”nginx-1.20.1.tar.gz 100%[===============================================>] 1.01M 459KB/s 用时 2.3s2021-09-27 12:38:52 (459 KB/s) - 已保存 “nginx-1.20.1.tar.gz” )解压源码包
下载完源码包后，利用 tar 命令进行解压。如下：
hxstrive@ubuntu:~/Desktop$ lsnginx-1.20.1.tar.gztmp.htmltmp.txthxstrive@ubuntu:~/Desktop$ tar -xvzf nginx-1.20.1.tar.gz nginx-1.20.1/nginx-1.20.1/auto/...nginx-1.20.1/auto/cc/namenginx-1.20.1/auto/cc/owcnginx-1.20.1/auto/cc/sunchxstrive@ubuntu:~/Desktop$ lsnginx-1.20.1nginx-1.20.1.tar.gztmp.htmltmp.txt预编译 nginx 源码
利用 cd 命令切换到解压后的 nginx 主目录中，执行 ./configure 命令。如下：
hxstrive@ubuntu:~/Desktop/nginx-1.20.1$ ./configure --prefix=/opt/demo/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --without-http_rewrite_module --without-http_gzip_modulechecking for OS + Linux 5.11.0-34-generic x86_64checking for C compiler ... found + using GNU C compiler + gcc version: 9.3.0 (Ubuntu 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04) checking for gcc -pipe switch ... found...creating objs/MakefileConfiguration summary+ PCRE library is not used+ using system OpenSSL library+ zlib library is not usednginx path prefix: "/opt/demo/nginx"nginx binary file: "/opt/demo/nginx/sbin/nginx"nginx modules path: "/opt/demo/nginx/modules"nginx configuration prefix: "/opt/demo/nginx/conf"nginx configuration file: "/opt/demo/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"nginx pid file: "/opt/demo/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"nginx error log file: "/opt/demo/nginx/logs/error.log"nginx http access log file: "/opt/demo/nginx/logs/access.log"nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"hxstrive@ubuntu:~/Desktop/nginx-1.20.1$ lsautoCHANGESCHANGES.ruconfconfigurecontribhtmlLICENSEMakefilemanobjsREADMEsrc在对 nginx 进行构建时，我们可以利用 configure 命令进行设置，它可以定义 nginx 的各个方面，包括允许 nginx 用于连接处置惩罚的方法。最后，configure 会创建一个 Makefile。
关于更多 configure 命令参数请参考“Configure 命令参数”。
make 编译 nginx 源码
make 编译是基于 configure 命令天生的 makefile 文件，进行源码编译。如下：
hxstrive@ubuntu:~/Desktop/nginx-1.20.1$ makemake -f objs/Makefilemake: 进入目录“/home/hxstrive/Desktop/nginx-1.20.1”cc -c -pipe-O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g-I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/os/unix -I objs \...cc -o objs/nginx \objs/src/core/nginx.o \objs/src/core/ngx_log.o \...objs/ngx_modules.o \-ldl -lpthread -lcrypt -lssl -lcrypto -ldl -lpthread \-Wl,-Esed -e "s|%%PREFIX%%|/opt/demo/nginx|" \ -e "s|%%PID_PATH%%|/opt/demo/nginx/logs/nginx.pid|" \ -e "s|%%CONF_PATH%%|/opt/demo/nginx/conf/nginx.conf|" \ -e "s|%%ERROR_LOG_PATH%%|/opt/demo/nginx/logs/error.log|" \ < man/nginx.8 > objs/nginx.8make: 离开目录“/home/hxstrive/Desktop/nginx-1.20.1”make install 安装 nginx
make 编译完毕之后，将相干的可运行文件安装至体系中。如下：
hxstrive@ubuntu:~/Desktop/nginx-1.20.1$ sudo make install hxstrive 的暗码： make -f objs/Makefile installmake: 进入目录“/home/hxstrive/Desktop/nginx-1.20.1”test -d '/opt/demo/nginx' || mkdir -p '/opt/demo/nginx'test -d '/opt/demo/nginx/sbin' \ || mkdir -p '/opt/demo/nginx/sbin'test ! -f '/opt/demo/nginx/sbin/nginx' \ || mv '/opt/demo/nginx/sbin/nginx' \ '/opt/demo/nginx/sbin/nginx.old'cp objs/nginx '/opt/demo/nginx/sbin/nginx'test -d '/opt/demo/nginx/conf' \ || mkdir -p '/opt/demo/nginx/conf'cp conf/koi-win '/opt/demo/nginx/conf'cp conf/koi-utf '/opt/demo/nginx/conf'cp conf/win-utf '/opt/demo/nginx/conf'test -f '/opt/demo/nginx/conf/mime.types' \ || cp conf/mime.types '/opt/demo/nginx/conf'cp conf/mime.types '/opt/demo/nginx/conf/mime.types.default'test -f '/opt/demo/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params' \ || cp conf/fastcgi_params '/opt/demo/nginx/conf'cp conf/fastcgi_params \ '/opt/demo/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params.default'test -f '/opt/demo/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf' \ || cp conf/fastcgi.conf '/opt/demo/nginx/conf'cp conf/fastcgi.conf '/opt/demo/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf.default'test -f '/opt/demo/nginx/conf/uwsgi_params' \ || cp conf/uwsgi_params '/opt/demo/nginx/conf'cp conf/uwsgi_params \ '/opt/demo/nginx/conf/uwsgi_params.default'test -f '/opt/demo/nginx/conf/scgi_params' \ || cp conf/scgi_params '/opt/demo/nginx/conf'cp conf/scgi_params \ '/opt/demo/nginx/conf/scgi_params.default'test -f '/opt/demo/nginx/conf/nginx.conf' \ || cp conf/nginx.conf '/opt/demo/nginx/conf/nginx.conf'cp conf/nginx.conf '/opt/demo/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.default'test -d '/opt/demo/nginx/logs' \ || mkdir -p '/opt/demo/nginx/logs'test -d '/opt/demo/nginx/logs' \ || mkdir -p '/opt/demo/nginx/logs'test -d '/opt/demo/nginx/html' \ || cp -R html '/opt/demo/nginx'test -d '/opt/demo/nginx/logs' \ || mkdir -p '/opt/demo/nginx/logs'make: 离开目录“/home/hxstrive/Desktop/nginx-1.20.1”验证 nginx
hxstrive@ubuntu:~/Desktop/nginx-1.20.1/objs$ ./nginx -vnginx version: nginx/1.20.1xstrive@ubuntu:~/Desktop/nginx-1.20.1/objs$ sudo ./nginx利用浏览器访问 http://localhost 地址，如果出现下图内容，则阐明安装成功：
https://p26.toutiaoimg.com/large/pgc-image/6bbce19bc4de4575bbd56fe9c0aed4cb
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