Docker 安装 Nginx
docker pull nginx 命令安装
查找 Docker Hub 上的 nginx 镜像
runoob@runoob:~/nginx$ docker search nginx
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
nginx Official build of Nginx. 3260 [OK]
jwilder/nginx-proxy Automated Nginx reverse proxy for docker c... 674 [OK]
richarvey/nginx-php-fpm Container running Nginx + PHP-FPM capable ... 207 [OK]
million12/nginx-php Nginx + PHP-FPM 5.5, 5.6, 7.0 (NG), CentOS... 67 [OK]
maxexcloo/nginx-php Docker framework container with Nginx and ... 57 [OK]
...
这里我们拉取官方的镜像
$ docker pull nginx
等待下载完成后，我们就可以在本地镜像列表里查到 REPOSITORY 为 nginx 的镜像。
runoob@runoob:~/nginx$ docker images nginx
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest 555bbd91e13c 3 days ago 182.8 MB
以下命令使用 NGINX 默认的配置来启动一个 Nginx 容器实例：
$ docker run --name runoob-nginx-test -p 8081:80 -d nginx
- runoob-nginx-test 容器名称。
- the -d设置容器在在后台一直运行。
- the -p 端口进行映射，将本地 8081 端口映射到容器内部的 80 端口。
执行以上命令会生成一串字符串，类似 6dd4380ba70820bd2acc55ed2b326dd8c0ac7c93f68f0067daecad82aef5f938，这个表示容器的 ID，一般可作为日志的文件名。
我们可以使用 docker ps 命令查看容器是否有在运行：
$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE ... PORTS NAMES
6dd4380ba708 nginx ... 0.0.0.0:8081->80/tcp runoob-nginx-test
PORTS 部分表示端口映射，本地的 8081 端口映射到容器内部的 80 端口。
在浏览器中打开 http://127.0.0.1:8081/，效果如下：
nginx 部署
首先，创建目录 nginx, 用于存放后面的相关东西。
$ mkdir -p ~/nginx/www ~/nginx/logs ~/nginx/conf
拷贝容器内 Nginx 默认配置文件到本地当前目录下的 conf 目录，容器 ID 可以查看 docker ps 命令输入中的第一列：
docker cp 6dd4380ba708:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf ~/nginx/conf
- www: 目录将映射为 nginx 容器配置的虚拟目录。
- logs: 目录将映射为 nginx 容器的日志目录。
- conf: 目录里的配置文件将映射为 nginx 容器的配置文件。
部署命令
$ docker run -d -p 8082:80 --name runoob-nginx-test-web -v ~/nginx/www:/usr/share/nginx/html -v ~/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf -v ~/nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx nginx
命令说明：
- -p 8082:80： 将容器的 80 端口映射到主机的 8082 端口。
- --name runoob-nginx-test-web：将容器命名为 runoob-nginx-test-web。
- -v ~/nginx/www:/usr/share/nginx/html：将我们自己创建的 www 目录挂载到容器的 /usr/share/nginx/html。
- -v ~/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf：将我们自己创建的 nginx.conf 挂载到容器的 /etc/nginx/nginx.conf。
- -v ~/nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx：将我们自己创建的 logs 挂载到容器的 /var/log/nginx。
启动以上命令后进入 ~/nginx/www 目录：
$ cd ~/nginx/www
创建 index.html 文件，内容如下：
菜鸟教程(runoob.com)
我的第一个标题
我的第一个段落。
输出结果为：
相关命令
如果要重新载入 NGINX 可以使用以下命令发送 HUP 信号到容器：
$ docker kill -s HUP container-name
重启 NGINX 容器命令：
$ docker restart container-name
Docker 安装 PHP
安装 PHP 镜像
方法一、docker pull php
查找Docker Hub上的php镜像
runoob@runoob:~/php-fpm$ docker search php
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
php While designed for web development, the PH... 1232 [OK]
richarvey/nginx-php-fpm Container running Nginx + PHP-FPM capable ... 207 [OK]
phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin A web interface for MySQL and MariaDB. 123 [OK]
eboraas/apache-php PHP5 on Apache (with SSL support), built o... 69 [OK]
php-zendserver Zend Server - the integrated PHP applicati... 69 [OK]
million12/nginx-php Nginx + PHP-FPM 5.5, 5.6, 7.0 (NG), CentOS... 67 [OK]
webdevops/php-nginx Nginx with PHP-FPM 39 [OK]
webdevops/php-apache Apache with PHP-FPM (based on webdevops/php) 14 [OK]
phpunit/phpunit PHPUnit is a programmer-oriented testing f... 14 [OK]
tetraweb/php PHP 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 7.0 for CI and run... 12 [OK]
webdevops/php PHP (FPM and CLI) service container 10 [OK]
...
这里我们拉取官方的镜像,标签为5.6-fpm
runoob@runoob:~/php-fpm$ docker pull php:5.6-fpm
等待下载完成后，我们就可以在本地镜像列表里查到REPOSITORY为php,标签为5.6-fpm的镜像。
runoob@runoob:~/php-fpm$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
php 5.6-fpm 025041cd3aa5 6 days ago 456.3 MB
Nginx + PHP 部署
Nginx 部署可以查看：Docker 安装 Nginx，一些 Nginx 的配置参考这篇文章。
启动 PHP：
$ docker run --name myphp-fpm -v ~/nginx/www:/www -d php:5.6-fpm
命令说明：
- --name myphp-fpm : 将容器命名为 myphp-fpm。
- -v ~/nginx/www:/www : 将主机中项目的目录 www 挂载到容器的 /www
创建 ~/nginx/conf/conf.d 目录：
mkdir ~/nginx/conf/conf.d
在该目录下添加 ~/nginx/conf/conf.d/runoob-test-php.conf 文件，内容如下：
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
fastcgi_pass php:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /www/$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
配置文件说明：
- php:9000: 表示 php-fpm 服务的 URL，下面我们会具体说明。
- /www/: 是 myphp-fpm 中 php 文件的存储路径，映射到本地的 ~/nginx/www 目录。
启动 nginx：
docker run --name runoob-php-nginx -p 8083:80 -d \
-v ~/nginx/www:/usr/share/nginx/html:ro \
-v ~/nginx/conf/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d:ro \
--link myphp-fpm:php \
nginx
- -p 8083:80: 端口映射，把 nginx 中的 80 映射到本地的 8083 端口。
- ~/nginx/www: 是本地 html 文件的存储目录，/usr/share/nginx/html 是容器内 html 文件的存储目录。
- ~/nginx/conf/conf.d: 是本地 nginx 配置文件的存储目录，/etc/nginx/conf.d 是容器内 nginx 配置文件的存储目录。
- --link myphp-fpm:php: 把 myphp-fpm 的网络并入 nginx，并通过修改 nginx 的 /etc/hosts，把域名 php 映射成 127.0.0.1，让 nginx 通过 php:9000 访问 php-fpm。
接下来我们在 ~/nginx/www 目录下创建 index.php，代码如下：
浏览器打开 http://127.0.0.1:8083/index.php，显示如下：
Docker 安装 MySQL
方法一、docker pull mysql
查找Docker Hub上的mysql镜像
runoob@runoob:/mysql$ docker search mysql
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relati... 2529 [OK]
mysql/mysql-server Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Crea... 161 [OK]
centurylink/mysql Image containing mysql. Optimized to be li... 45 [OK]
sameersbn/mysql 36 [OK]
google/mysql MySQL server for Google Compute Engine 16 [OK]
appcontainers/mysql Centos/Debian Based Customizable MySQL Con... 8 [OK]
marvambass/mysql MySQL Server based on Ubuntu 14.04 6 [OK]
drupaldocker/mysql MySQL for Drupal 2 [OK]
azukiapp/mysql Docker image to run MySQL by Azuki - http:... 2 [OK]
...
这里我们拉取官方的镜像,标签为5.6
runoob@runoob:~/mysql$ docker pull mysql:5.6
等待下载完成后，我们就可以在本地镜像列表里查到REPOSITORY为mysql,标签为5.6的镜像。
runoob@runoob:~/mysql$ docker images |grep mysql
mysql 5.6 2c0964ec182a 3 weeks ago 329 MB
方法二、通过 Dockerfile构建
创建Dockerfile
首先，创建目录mysql,用于存放后面的相关东西。
runoob@runoob:~$ mkdir -p ~/mysql/data ~/mysql/logs ~/mysql/conf
data目录将映射为mysql容器配置的数据文件存放路径
logs目录将映射为mysql容器的日志目录
conf目录里的配置文件将映射为mysql容器的配置文件
进入创建的mysql目录，创建Dockerfile
FROM debian:jessie
# add our user and group first to make sure their IDs get assigned consistently, regardless of whatever dependencies get added
RUN groupadd -r mysql && useradd -r -g mysql mysql
# add gosu for easy step-down from root
ENV GOSU_VERSION 1.7
RUN set -x \
&& apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends ca-certificates wget && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
&& wget -O /usr/local/bin/gosu "https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases/download/$GOSU_VERSION/gosu-$(dpkg --print-architecture)" \
&& wget -O /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc "https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases/download/$GOSU_VERSION/gosu-$(dpkg --print-architecture).asc" \
&& export GNUPGHOME="$(mktemp -d)" \
&& gpg --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys B42F6819007F00F88E364FD4036A9C25BF357DD4 \
&& gpg --batch --verify /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc /usr/local/bin/gosu \
&& rm -r "$GNUPGHOME" /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc \
&& chmod +x /usr/local/bin/gosu \
&& gosu nobody true \
&& apt-get purge -y --auto-remove ca-certificates wget
RUN mkdir /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
# FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db:
# File::Basename
# File::Copy
# Sys::Hostname
# Data::Dumper
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y perl pwgen --no-install-recommends && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
# gpg: key 5072E1F5: public key "MySQL Release Engineering " imported
RUN apt-key adv --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys A4A9406876FCBD3C456770C88C718D3B5072E1F5
ENV MYSQL_MAJOR 5.6
ENV MYSQL_VERSION 5.6.31-1debian8
RUN echo "deb http://repo.mysql.com/apt/debian/ jessie mysql-${MYSQL_MAJOR}" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mysql.list
# the "/var/lib/mysql" stuff here is because the mysql-server postinst doesn't have an explicit way to disable the mysql_install_db codepath besides having a database already "configured" (ie, stuff in /var/lib/mysql/mysql)
# also, we set debconf keys to make APT a little quieter
RUN { \
echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/data-dir select ''; \
echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/root-pass password ''; \
echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/re-root-pass password ''; \
echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/remove-test-db select false; \
} | debconf-set-selections \
&& apt-get update && apt-get install -y mysql-server="${MYSQL_VERSION}" && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
&& rm -rf /var/lib/mysql && mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql /var/run/mysqld \
&& chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql /var/run/mysqld \
# ensure that /var/run/mysqld (used for socket and lock files) is writable regardless of the UID our mysqld instance ends up having at runtime
&& chmod 777 /var/run/mysqld
# comment out a few problematic configuration values
# don't reverse lookup hostnames, they are usually another container
RUN sed -Ei 's/^(bind-address|log)/#&/' /etc/mysql/my.cnf \
&& echo 'skip-host-cache\nskip-name-resolve' | awk '{ print } $1 == "[mysqld]" && c == 0 { c = 1; system("cat") }' /etc/mysql/my.cnf > /tmp/my.cnf \
&& mv /tmp/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf
VOLUME /var/lib/mysql
COPY docker-entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/
RUN ln -s usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh /entrypoint.sh # backwards compat
ENTRYPOINT ["docker-entrypoint.sh"]
EXPOSE 3306
CMD ["mysqld"]
通过Dockerfile创建一个镜像，替换成你自己的名字
runoob@runoob:~/mysql$ docker build -t mysql .
创建完成后，我们可以在本地的镜像列表里查找到刚刚创建的镜像
runoob@runoob:~/mysql$ docker images |grep mysql
mysql 5.6 2c0964ec182a 3 weeks ago 329 MB
使用mysql镜像
运行容器
runoob@runoob:~/mysql$ docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mymysql -v $PWD/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v $PWD/logs:/logs -v $PWD/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.6
21cb89213c93d805c5bacf1028a0da7b5c5852761ba81327e6b99bb3ea89930e
runoob@runoob:~/mysql$
命令说明：
- -p 3306:3306：将容器的 3306 端口映射到主机的 3306 端口。
- -v $PWD/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d：将主机当前目录下的 conf/my.cnf 挂载到容器的 /etc/mysql/my.cnf。
- -v $PWD/logs:/logs：将主机当前目录下的 logs 目录挂载到容器的 /logs。
- -v $PWD/data:/var/lib/mysql ：将主机当前目录下的data目录挂载到容器的 /var/lib/mysql 。
- -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456：初始化 root 用户的密码。
查看容器启动情况
runoob@runoob:~/mysql$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND ... PORTS NAMES
21cb89213c93 mysql:5.6 "docker-entrypoint.sh" ... 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp mymysql
Docker 安装 Tomcat
方法一、docker pull tomcat
查找Docker Hub上的tomcat镜像
runoob@runoob:~/tomcat$ docker search tomcat
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
tomcat Apache Tomcat is an open source implementa... 744 [OK]
dordoka/tomcat Ubuntu 14.04, Oracle JDK 8 and Tomcat 8 ba... 19 [OK]
consol/tomcat-7.0 Tomcat 7.0.57, 8080, "admin/admin" 16 [OK]
consol/tomcat-8.0 Tomcat 8.0.15, 8080, "admin/admin" 14 [OK]
cloudesire/tomcat Tomcat server, 6/7/8 8 [OK]
davidcaste/alpine-tomcat Apache Tomcat 7/8 using Oracle Java 7/8 wi... 6 [OK]
andreptb/tomcat Debian Jessie based image with Apache Tomc... 4 [OK]
kieker/tomcat 2 [OK]
fbrx/tomcat Minimal Tomcat image based on Alpine Linux 2 [OK]
jtech/tomcat Latest Tomcat production distribution on l... 1 [OK]
这里我们拉取官方的镜像
runoob@runoob:~/tomcat$ docker pull tomcat
等待下载完成后，我们就可以在本地镜像列表里查到REPOSITORY为tomcat的镜像。
runoob@runoob:~/tomcat$ docker images|grep tomcat
tomcat latest 70f819d3d2d9 7 days ago 335.8 MB
方法二、通过 Dockerfile 构建
创建Dockerfile
首先，创建目录tomcat,用于存放后面的相关东西。
runoob@runoob:~$ mkdir -p ~/tomcat/webapps ~/tomcat/logs ~/tomcat/conf
webapps目录将映射为tomcat容器配置的应用程序目录
logs目录将映射为tomcat容器的日志目录
conf目录里的配置文件将映射为tomcat容器的配置文件
进入创建的tomcat目录，创建Dockerfile
FROM openjdk:8-jre
ENV CATALINA_HOME /usr/local/tomcat
ENV PATH $CATALINA_HOME/bin:$PATH
RUN mkdir -p "$CATALINA_HOME"
WORKDIR $CATALINA_HOME
# let "Tomcat Native" live somewhere isolated
ENV TOMCAT_NATIVE_LIBDIR $CATALINA_HOME/native-jni-lib
ENV LD_LIBRARY_PATH ${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:}$TOMCAT_NATIVE_LIBDIR
# runtime dependencies for Tomcat Native Libraries
# Tomcat Native 1.2+ requires a newer version of OpenSSL than debian:jessie has available
# > checking OpenSSL library version >= 1.0.2...
# > configure: error: Your version of OpenSSL is not compatible with this version of tcnative
# see http://tomcat.10.x6.nabble.com/VOTE-Release-Apache-Tomcat-8-0-32-tp5046007p5046024.html (and following discussion)
# and https://github.com/docker-library/tomcat/pull/31
ENV OPENSSL_VERSION 1.1.0f-3+deb9u2
RUN set -ex; \
currentVersion="$(dpkg-query --show --showformat '${Version}\n' openssl)"; \
if dpkg --compare-versions "$currentVersion" ' /etc/apt/preferences.d/stretch-openssl; \
fi; \
apt-get update; \
apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends openssl="$OPENSSL_VERSION"; \
rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*; \
fi
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
libapr1 \
&& rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
# see https://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/KEYS
# see also "update.sh" (https://github.com/docker-library/tomcat/blob/master/update.sh)
ENV GPG_KEYS 05AB33110949707C93A279E3D3EFE6B686867BA6 07E48665A34DCAFAE522E5E6266191C37C037D42 47309207D818FFD8DCD3F83F1931D684307A10A5 541FBE7D8F78B25E055DDEE13C370389288584E7 61B832AC2F1C5A90F0F9B00A1C506407564C17A3 713DA88BE50911535FE716F5208B0AB1D63011C7 79F7026C690BAA50B92CD8B66A3AD3F4F22C4FED 9BA44C2621385CB966EBA586F72C284D731FABEE A27677289986DB50844682F8ACB77FC2E86E29AC A9C5DF4D22E99998D9875A5110C01C5A2F6059E7 DCFD35E0BF8CA7344752DE8B6FB21E8933C60243 F3A04C595DB5B6A5F1ECA43E3B7BBB100D811BBE F7DA48BB64BCB84ECBA7EE6935CD23C10D498E23
ENV TOMCAT_MAJOR 8
ENV TOMCAT_VERSION 8.5.32
ENV TOMCAT_SHA512 fc010f4643cb9996cad3812594190564d0a30be717f659110211414faf8063c61fad1f18134154084ad3ddfbbbdb352fa6686a28fbb6402d3207d4e0a88fa9ce
ENV TOMCAT_TGZ_URLS \
# https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/INFRA-8753?focusedCommentId=14735394#comment-14735394
https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?action=download&filename=tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz \
# if the version is outdated, we might have to pull from the dist/archive :/
https://www-us.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz \
https://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz \
https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz
ENV TOMCAT_ASC_URLS \
https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?action=download&filename=tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz.asc \
# not all the mirrors actually carry the .asc files :'(
https://www-us.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz.asc \
https://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz.asc \
https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz.asc
RUN set -eux; \
\
savedAptMark="$(apt-mark showmanual)"; \
apt-get update; \
\
apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends gnupg dirmngr; \
\
export GNUPGHOME="$(mktemp -d)"; \
for key in $GPG_KEYS; do \
gpg --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys "$key"; \
done; \
\
apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends wget ca-certificates; \
\
success=; \
for url in $TOMCAT_TGZ_URLS; do \
if wget -O tomcat.tar.gz "$url"; then \
success=1; \
break; \
fi; \
done; \
[ -n "$success" ]; \
\
echo "$TOMCAT_SHA512 *tomcat.tar.gz" | sha512sum -c -; \
\
success=; \
for url in $TOMCAT_ASC_URLS; do \
if wget -O tomcat.tar.gz.asc "$url"; then \
success=1; \
break; \
fi; \
done; \
[ -n "$success" ]; \
\
gpg --batch --verify tomcat.tar.gz.asc tomcat.tar.gz; \
tar -xvf tomcat.tar.gz --strip-components=1; \
rm bin/*.bat; \
rm tomcat.tar.gz*; \
rm -rf "$GNUPGHOME"; \
\
nativeBuildDir="$(mktemp -d)"; \
tar -xvf bin/tomcat-native.tar.gz -C "$nativeBuildDir" --strip-components=1; \
apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
dpkg-dev \
gcc \
libapr1-dev \
libssl-dev \
make \
"openjdk-${JAVA_VERSION%%[.~bu-]*}-jdk=$JAVA_DEBIAN_VERSION" \
; \
( \
export CATALINA_HOME="$PWD"; \
cd "$nativeBuildDir/native"; \
gnuArch="$(dpkg-architecture --query DEB_BUILD_GNU_TYPE)"; \
./configure \
--build="$gnuArch" \
--libdir="$TOMCAT_NATIVE_LIBDIR" \
--prefix="$CATALINA_HOME" \
--with-apr="$(which apr-1-config)" \
--with-java-home="$(docker-java-home)" \
--with-ssl=yes; \
make -j "$(nproc)"; \
make install; \
); \
rm -rf "$nativeBuildDir"; \
rm bin/tomcat-native.tar.gz; \
\
# reset apt-mark's "manual" list so that "purge --auto-remove" will remove all build dependencies
apt-mark auto '.*' > /dev/null; \
[ -z "$savedAptMark" ] || apt-mark manual $savedAptMark; \
apt-get purge -y --auto-remove -o APT::AutoRemove::RecommendsImportant=false; \
rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*; \
\
# sh removes env vars it doesn't support (ones with periods)
# https://github.com/docker-library/tomcat/issues/77
find ./bin/ -name '*.sh' -exec sed -ri 's|^#!/bin/sh$|#!/usr/bin/env bash|' '{}' +
# verify Tomcat Native is working properly
RUN set -e \
&& nativeLines="$(catalina.sh configtest 2>&1)" \
&& nativeLines="$(echo "$nativeLines" | grep 'Apache Tomcat Native')" \
&& nativeLines="$(echo "$nativeLines" | sort -u)" \
&& if ! echo "$nativeLines" | grep 'INFO: Loaded APR based Apache Tomcat Native library' >&2; then \
echo >&2 "$nativeLines"; \
exit 1; \
fi
EXPOSE 8080
CMD ["catalina.sh", "run"]
通过Dockerfile创建一个镜像，替换成你自己的名字
runoob@runoob:~/tomcat$ docker build -t tomcat .
创建完成后，我们可以在本地的镜像列表里查找到刚刚创建的镜像
runoob@runoob:~/tomcat$ docker images|grep tomcat
tomcat latest 70f819d3d2d9 7 days ago 335.8 MB
使用tomcat镜像
运行容器
runoob@runoob:~/tomcat$ docker run --name tomcat -p 8080:8080 -v $PWD/test:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test -d tomcat
acb33fcb4beb8d7f1ebace6f50f5fc204b1dbe9d524881267aa715c61cf75320
runoob@runoob:~/tomcat$
命令说明：
-p 8080:8080：将容器的8080端口映射到主机的8080端口
-v $PWD/test:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test：将主机中当前目录下的test挂载到容器的/test
查看容器启动情况
runoob@runoob:~/tomcat$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND ... PORTS NAMES
acb33fcb4beb tomcat "catalina.sh run" ... 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp tomcat
通过浏览器访问
Docker 安装 Python
方法一、docker pull python:3.5
查找Docker Hub上的python镜像
runoob@runoob:~/python$ docker search python
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
python Python is an interpreted,... 982 [OK]
kaggle/python Docker image for Python... 33 [OK]
azukiapp/python Docker image to run Python ... 3 [OK]
vimagick/python mini python 2 [OK]
tsuru/python Image for the Python ... 2 [OK]
pandada8/alpine-python An alpine based python image 1 [OK]
1science/python Python Docker images based on ... 1 [OK]
lucidfrontier45/python-uwsgi Python with uWSGI 1 [OK]
orbweb/python Python image 1 [OK]
pathwar/python Python template for Pathwar levels 1 [OK]
rounds/10m-python Python, setuptools and pip. 0 [OK]
ruimashita/python ubuntu 14.04 python 0 [OK]
tnanba/python Python on CentOS-7 image. 0 [OK]
这里我们拉取官方的镜像,标签为3.5
runoob@runoob:~/python$ docker pull python:3.5
等待下载完成后，我们就可以在本地镜像列表里查到REPOSITORY为python,标签为3.5的镜像。
runoob@runoob:~/python$ docker images python:3.5
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
python 3.5 045767ddf24a 9 days ago 684.1 MB
方法二、通过 Dockerfile 构建
创建Dockerfile
首先，创建目录python,用于存放后面的相关东西。
runoob@runoob:~$ mkdir -p ~/python ~/python/myapp
myapp目录将映射为python容器配置的应用目录
进入创建的python目录，创建Dockerfile
FROM buildpack-deps:jessie
# remove several traces of debian python
RUN apt-get purge -y python.*
# http://bugs.python.org/issue19846
# > At the moment, setting "LANG=C" on a Linux system *fundamentally breaks Python 3*, and that's not OK.
ENV LANG C.UTF-8
# gpg: key F73C700D: public key "Larry Hastings " imported
ENV GPG_KEY 97FC712E4C024BBEA48A61ED3A5CA953F73C700D
ENV PYTHON_VERSION 3.5.1
# if this is called "PIP_VERSION", pip explodes with "ValueError: invalid truth value ''"
ENV PYTHON_PIP_VERSION 8.1.2
RUN set -ex \
&& curl -fSL "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/${PYTHON_VERSION%%[a-z]*}/Python-$PYTHON_VERSION.tar.xz" -o python.tar.xz \
&& curl -fSL "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/${PYTHON_VERSION%%[a-z]*}/Python-$PYTHON_VERSION.tar.xz.asc" -o python.tar.xz.asc \
&& export GNUPGHOME="$(mktemp -d)" \
&& gpg --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys "$GPG_KEY" \
&& gpg --batch --verify python.tar.xz.asc python.tar.xz \
&& rm -r "$GNUPGHOME" python.tar.xz.asc \
&& mkdir -p /usr/src/python \
&& tar -xJC /usr/src/python --strip-components=1 -f python.tar.xz \
&& rm python.tar.xz \
\
&& cd /usr/src/python \
&& ./configure --enable-shared --enable-unicode=ucs4 \
&& make -j$(nproc) \
&& make install \
&& ldconfig \
&& pip3 install --no-cache-dir --upgrade --ignore-installed pip==$PYTHON_PIP_VERSION \
&& find /usr/local -depth \
\( \
\( -type d -a -name test -o -name tests \) \
-o \
\( -type f -a -name '*.pyc' -o -name '*.pyo' \) \
\) -exec rm -rf '{}' + \
&& rm -rf /usr/src/python ~/.cache
# make some useful symlinks that are expected to exist
RUN cd /usr/local/bin \
&& ln -s easy_install-3.5 easy_install \
&& ln -s idle3 idle \
&& ln -s pydoc3 pydoc \
&& ln -s python3 python \
&& ln -s python3-config python-config
CMD ["python3"]
通过Dockerfile创建一个镜像，替换成你自己的名字
runoob@runoob:~/python$ docker build -t python:3.5 .
创建完成后，我们可以在本地的镜像列表里查找到刚刚创建的镜像
runoob@runoob:~/python$ docker images python:3.5
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
python 3.5 045767ddf24a 9 days ago 684.1 MB
使用python镜像
在~/python/myapp目录下创建一个 helloworld.py 文件，代码如下：
#!/usr/bin/python
print("Hello, World!");
运行容器
runoob@runoob:~/python$ docker run -v $PWD/myapp:/usr/src/myapp -w /usr/src/myapp python:3.5 python helloworld.py
命令说明：
-v $PWD/myapp:/usr/src/myapp :将主机中当前目录下的myapp挂载到容器的/usr/src/myapp
-w /usr/src/myapp :指定容器的/usr/src/myapp目录为工作目录
python helloworld.py :使用容器的python命令来执行工作目录中的helloworld.py文件
输出结果：
Hello, World!
Docker 安装 Redis
方法一、docker pull redis:3.2
查找Docker Hub上的redis镜像
runoob@runoob:~/redis$ docker search redis
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
redis Redis is an open source ... 2321 [OK]
sameersbn/redis 32 [OK]
torusware/speedus-redis Always updated official ... 29 [OK]
bitnami/redis Bitnami Redis Docker Image 22 [OK]
anapsix/redis 11MB Redis server image ... 6 [OK]
webhippie/redis Docker images for redis 4 [OK]
clue/redis-benchmark A minimal docker image t... 3 [OK]
williamyeh/redis Redis image for Docker 3 [OK]
unblibraries/redis Leverages phusion/baseim... 2 [OK]
greytip/redis redis 3.0.3 1 [OK]
servivum/redis Redis Docker Image 1 [OK]
...
这里我们拉取官方的镜像,标签为3.2
runoob@runoob:~/redis$ docker pull redis:3.2
等待下载完成后，我们就可以在本地镜像列表里查到REPOSITORY为redis,标签为3.2的镜像。
runoob@runoob:~/redis$ docker images redis
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
redis 3.2 43c923d57784 2 weeks ago 193.9 MB
方法二、通过 Dockerfile 构建
创建Dockerfile
首先，创建目录redis,用于存放后面的相关东西。
runoob@runoob:~$ mkdir -p ~/redis ~/redis/data
data目录将映射为redis容器配置的/data目录,作为redis数据持久化的存储目录
进入创建的redis目录，创建Dockerfile
FROM debian:jessie
# add our user and group first to make sure their IDs get assigned consistently, regardless of whatever dependencies get added
RUN groupadd -r redis && useradd -r -g redis redis
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
ca-certificates \
wget \
&& rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
# grab gosu for easy step-down from root
ENV GOSU_VERSION 1.7
RUN set -x \
&& wget -O /usr/local/bin/gosu "https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases/download/$GOSU_VERSION/gosu-$(dpkg --print-architecture)" \
&& wget -O /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc "https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases/download/$GOSU_VERSION/gosu-$(dpkg --print-architecture).asc" \
&& export GNUPGHOME="$(mktemp -d)" \
&& gpg --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys B42F6819007F00F88E364FD4036A9C25BF357DD4 \
&& gpg --batch --verify /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc /usr/local/bin/gosu \
&& rm -r "$GNUPGHOME" /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc \
&& chmod +x /usr/local/bin/gosu \
&& gosu nobody true
ENV REDIS_VERSION 3.2.0
ENV REDIS_DOWNLOAD_URL http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.2.0.tar.gz
ENV REDIS_DOWNLOAD_SHA1 0c1820931094369c8cc19fc1be62f598bc5961ca
# for redis-sentinel see: http://redis.io/topics/sentinel
RUN buildDeps='gcc libc6-dev make' \
&& set -x \
&& apt-get update && apt-get install -y $buildDeps --no-install-recommends \
&& rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
&& wget -O redis.tar.gz "$REDIS_DOWNLOAD_URL" \
&& echo "$REDIS_DOWNLOAD_SHA1 *redis.tar.gz" | sha1sum -c - \
&& mkdir -p /usr/src/redis \
&& tar -xzf redis.tar.gz -C /usr/src/redis --strip-components=1 \
&& rm redis.tar.gz \
&& make -C /usr/src/redis \
&& make -C /usr/src/redis install \
&& rm -r /usr/src/redis \
&& apt-get purge -y --auto-remove $buildDeps
RUN mkdir /data && chown redis:redis /data
VOLUME /data
WORKDIR /data
COPY docker-entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/
ENTRYPOINT ["docker-entrypoint.sh"]
EXPOSE 6379
CMD [ "redis-server" ]
通过Dockerfile创建一个镜像，替换成你自己的名字
runoob@runoob:~/redis$ docker build -t redis:3.2 .
创建完成后，我们可以在本地的镜像列表里查找到刚刚创建的镜像
runoob@runoob:~/redis$ docker images redis
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
redis 3.2 43c923d57784 2 weeks ago 193.9 MB
使用redis镜像
运行容器
runoob@runoob:~/redis$ docker run -p 6379:6379 -v $PWD/data:/data -d redis:3.2 redis-server --appendonly yes
43f7a65ec7f8bd64eb1c5d82bc4fb60e5eb31915979c4e7821759aac3b62f330
runoob@runoob:~/redis$
命令说明：
-p 6379:6379 : 将容器的6379端口映射到主机的6379端口
-v $PWD/data:/data : 将主机中当前目录下的data挂载到容器的/data
redis-server --appendonly yes : 在容器执行redis-server启动命令，并打开redis持久化配置
查看容器启动情况
runoob@runoob:~/redis$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND ... PORTS NAMES
43f7a65ec7f8 redis:3.2 "docker-entrypoint.sh" ... 0.0.0.0:6379->6379/tcp agitated_cray
连接、查看容器
使用redis镜像执行redis-cli命令连接到刚启动的容器,主机IP为172.17.0.1
runoob@runoob:~/redis$ docker exec -it 43f7a65ec7f8 redis-cli
172.17.0.1:6379> info
# Server
redis_version:3.2.0
redis_git_sha1:00000000
redis_git_dirty:0
redis_build_id:f449541256e7d446
redis_mode:standalone
os:Linux 4.2.0-16-generic x86_64
arch_bits:64
multiplexing_api:epoll
...
Docker 安装 Apache
方法一、docker pull httpd
查找Docker Hub上的httpd镜像
runoob@runoob:~/apache$ docker search httpd
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
httpd The Apache HTTP Server .. 524 [OK]
centos/httpd 7 [OK]
rgielen/httpd-image-php5 Docker image for Apache... 1 [OK]
microwebapps/httpd-frontend Httpd frontend allowing... 1 [OK]
lolhens/httpd Apache httpd 2 Server 1 [OK]
publici/httpd httpd:latest 0 [OK]
publicisworldwide/httpd The Apache httpd webser... 0 [OK]
rgielen/httpd-image-simple Docker image for simple... 0 [OK]
solsson/httpd Derivatives of the offi... 0 [OK]
rgielen/httpd-image-drush Apache HTTPD + Drupal S... 0 [OK]
learninglayers/httpd 0 [OK]
sohrabkhan/httpd Docker httpd + php5.6 (... 0 [OK]
aintohvri/docker-httpd Apache HTTPD Docker ext... 0 [OK]
alizarion/httpd httpd on centos with mo... 0 [OK]
...
这里我们拉取官方的镜像
runoob@runoob:~/apache$ docker pull httpd
等待下载完成后，我们就可以在本地镜像列表里查到REPOSITORY为httpd的镜像。
runoob@runoob:~/apache$ docker images httpd
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
httpd latest da1536b4ef14 23 seconds ago 195.1 MB
方法二、通过 Dockerfile构建
创建Dockerfile
首先，创建目录apache,用于存放后面的相关东西。
runoob@runoob:~$ mkdir -p ~/apache/www ~/apache/logs ~/apache/conf
www目录将映射为apache容器配置的应用程序目录
logs目录将映射为apache容器的日志目录
conf目录里的配置文件将映射为apache容器的配置文件
进入创建的apache目录，创建Dockerfile
FROM debian:jessie
# add our user and group first to make sure their IDs get assigned consistently, regardless of whatever dependencies get added
#RUN groupadd -r www-data && useradd -r --create-home -g www-data www-data
ENV HTTPD_PREFIX /usr/local/apache2
ENV PATH $PATH:$HTTPD_PREFIX/bin
RUN mkdir -p "$HTTPD_PREFIX" \
&& chown www-data:www-data "$HTTPD_PREFIX"
WORKDIR $HTTPD_PREFIX
# install httpd runtime dependencies
# https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/install.html#requirements
RUN apt-get update \
&& apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
libapr1 \
libaprutil1 \
libaprutil1-ldap \
libapr1-dev \
libaprutil1-dev \
libpcre++0 \
libssl1.0.0 \
&& rm -r /var/lib/apt/lists/*
ENV HTTPD_VERSION 2.4.20
ENV HTTPD_BZ2_URL https://www.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-$HTTPD_VERSION.tar.bz2
RUN buildDeps=' \
ca-certificates \
curl \
bzip2 \
gcc \
libpcre++-dev \
libssl-dev \
make \
' \
set -x \
&& apt-get update \
&& apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends $buildDeps \
&& rm -r /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
\
&& curl -fSL "$HTTPD_BZ2_URL" -o httpd.tar.bz2 \
&& curl -fSL "$HTTPD_BZ2_URL.asc" -o httpd.tar.bz2.asc \
# see https://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi#verify
&& export GNUPGHOME="$(mktemp -d)" \
&& gpg --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys A93D62ECC3C8EA12DB220EC934EA76E6791485A8 \
&& gpg --batch --verify httpd.tar.bz2.asc httpd.tar.bz2 \
&& rm -r "$GNUPGHOME" httpd.tar.bz2.asc \
\
&& mkdir -p src \
&& tar -xvf httpd.tar.bz2 -C src --strip-components=1 \
&& rm httpd.tar.bz2 \
&& cd src \
\
&& ./configure \
--prefix="$HTTPD_PREFIX" \
--enable-mods-shared=reallyall \
&& make -j"$(nproc)" \
&& make install \
\
&& cd .. \
&& rm -r src \
\
&& sed -ri \
-e 's!^(\s*CustomLog)\s+\S+!\1 /proc/self/fd/1!g' \
-e 's!^(\s*ErrorLog)\s+\S+!\1 /proc/self/fd/2!g' \
"$HTTPD_PREFIX/conf/httpd.conf" \
\
&& apt-get purge -y --auto-remove $buildDeps
COPY httpd-foreground /usr/local/bin/
EXPOSE 80
CMD ["httpd-foreground"]
Dockerfile文件中 COPY httpd-foreground /usr/local/bin/ 是将当前目录下的httpd-foreground拷贝到镜像里，作为httpd服务的启动脚本，所以我们要在本地创建一个脚本文件httpd-foreground
#!/bin/bash
set -e
# Apache gets grumpy about PID files pre-existing
rm -f /usr/local/apache2/logs/httpd.pid
exec httpd -DFOREGROUND
赋予httpd-foreground文件可执行权限
runoob@runoob:~/apache$ chmod +x httpd-foreground
通过Dockerfile创建一个镜像，替换成你自己的名字
runoob@runoob:~/apache$ docker build -t httpd .
创建完成后，我们可以在本地的镜像列表里查找到刚刚创建的镜像
runoob@runoob:~/apache$ docker images httpd
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
httpd latest da1536b4ef14 23 seconds ago 195.1 MB
使用apache镜像
运行容器
docker run -p 80:80 -v $PWD/www/:/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/ -v $PWD/conf/httpd.conf:/usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf -v $PWD/logs/:/usr/local/apache2/logs/ -d httpd
命令说明：
-p 80:80 :将容器的80端口映射到主机的80端口
-v $PWD/www/:/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/ :将主机中当前目录下的www目录挂载到容器的/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/
-v $PWD/conf/httpd.conf:/usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf :将主机中当前目录下的conf/httpd.conf文件挂载到容器的/usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
-v $PWD/logs/:/usr/local/apache2/logs/ :将主机中当前目录下的logs目录挂载到容器的/usr/local/apache2/logs/
查看容器启动情况
runoob@runoob:~/apache$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND ... PORTS NAMES
79a97f2aac37 httpd "httpd-foreground" ... 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp sharp_swanson
通过浏览器访问
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